Discuss and Evaluate Vygotskys Theory of Cognitive...

Discuss Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development (8+16) Vygotsky proposed that children’s development is affected by their culture and social interaction. He also suggested that children are not born with knowledge but they gain it through their social interactions with peers and adults; he does not rule out the importance of biological processes but proposes an interdependent relationship between biological development alongside social activity and cultural interaction. Since language is our means of communicating cultural knowledge, it is extremely important in this theory. Vygotsky was particularly interested in the relationship between language and thinking processes; he believed language was crucial for cognitive development.†¦show more content†¦If a child has a fairly large ZPD then they may require more help; the ZPD can differ for children as some may be capable of working independently while others may require some support. Vygotsky also introduced ‘scaffolding’, which is the term referred to when parents, teachers and others help a child to acquire knowledge and skills. McNaughton and Leyland (1990) experimented with jigsaws of increasing difficulty; the amount of scaffolding/help mothers gave their children was directly related to the difficulty of the jigsaw. Below the child’s ZPD, the help they received was more like the mothers joining in with the task. A harder jigsaw within the child’s ZPD require d more assistance and guidance from the mother until child’s ability improved as they crossed the ZPD. Vygotsky may have overplayed importance on social influences because he suggests that child’s cognitive development occurs through social interactions, for example children do internalisation of problem solving via mutual interactions. However, if social learning is the essence of cognitive development then learning would be a lot faster than it is. Thus Vygotsky ignores the biological aspects that aid or restricts the cognitive development such as the development of brain and maturation. Therefore Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is different toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Aviation/Aerospace Psychology736 Words   |  3 Pagesthough training in the aircraft can not be totally replicated, the simulator does add its own merit within the pilot training program. 3. List and briefly outline Piagets four stages of cognitive development. How does Vygotskys theory differ from that of Piaget? a. Piaget’s theory was older children think qualitatively different than younger children. At each of their successive stages, it’s not just a matter of doing something better but doing something totally differentRead MoreThe Theories Of Child Development2240 Words   |  9 PagesThis assignment will discuss the main theories of child development and discuss the main principles across all area of development. 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He was given a recipe to follow and was complete it based on his ability to follow loose directionsRead MoreEssay on EDU701 COURSE1519 Words   |  7 PagesCOURSE INFORMATION Course Information Course: EDU701 Education and Human Development Semester: Sep 2013 Year: 2013 Phone: 03-55227401 Core Person /Instructor: Associate Prof. Dr. Ros Aizan Yahaya Email: dr.rosyahaya@gmail.com Office Hours By Appointment Texts Fagerlind, Ingemar and Saha, Lawrence, J. (1986). Education and National Development: A Comparative Perspective, New York: Pergamon Press. Ohmahe, Kenichi (1991), Beyond National Borders, Tokyo: Bantam Books. Olson, David, R. (Ed)Read MoreEvaluation Of A Classroom At The School Age Child s Theory Of Mind Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesnamed Sarah has many words to remember for a project, she can use rehearsal to effectively remember the necessary words. Rehearsal is an activity that involves repeating the information to herself. Additionally, language expertise predicts the development of rehearsal in the early grade school years, perhaps because a clear vocabulary size and ability to automatically name items is required for children to use the strategy (Berk, 437, 5). In an educational setting, teachers can encourage studentsRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology14082 Words   |  57 PagesPOINT OF VIEW ON THE BASIC ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT. DETERMINE, DISCUSS AND EVALUATE THE POINT OF VIEW OF VYGOTSKY’S SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY AND THE INFORMATION PROCESSING APPROACH WITH REGARD TO THE ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT (CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS) * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT: ONE OR MANY * FACTORS THAT DETERMINE DEVELOPMENT (NATURE/NURTURE) Introduction Child development has many theories with different ideas about what children are likeRead MoreSantrock Edpsych Ch0218723 Words   |  75 Pages02-EdPsy-Chap02-6123 8/22/06 2 3:33 PM Page 32 Physical and Cognitive Development Preview Examining the shape of children’s development allows us to understand it better. Every childhood is distinct, and is the first chapter in a new biography. This chapter is about children’s physical and cognitive development. 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In the third chapter, this paper will discuss on how children learn, concentrating on Piagets theory and Vygotskys social cognition theory. Finally the fourth chapter will discuss on the subject of adult learning theories particularly on Knowles theory of andragogy. CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF LEARNING SENSORY STIMULATION THEORY Traditional sensory stimulation

Frankenstein, By Mary Shelly - 2635 Words

In the novel Frankenstein, A Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelly conveys a warning of the potential dangers of creating a new life form, or â€Å"treading in God’s domain.† However, when Victor Frankenstein creates his monster and it comes alive he believes that he has constructed an abominable to the human race. As soon as the being wakes Frankenstein abandons it, because he cannot face or cope with his creation. Victor immediately assumes that his creature is an evil beast, but contrary to this idea the nameless creation is not evil in nature and possesses what every human has; a soul. The being may not be human but has a soul because he emits the qualities of a human being; these are the moral or emotional nature of a being or identity, the†¦show more content†¦Because society expects him to act like a monster, he inevitably becomes one. The being is clearly a victim of a self- fulfilling prophecy. Expert Naomi Hetherington, a critic of Frankenstein, agrees tha t â€Å"The monster is undoubtedly placed in unusual circumstances . . . And yet his situation is not unique the way he claims . . . All men have moments when they feel different, when they feel themselves inadequate to mixing in society, when they sense some form of ugliness standing between themselves and other human beings. The monster s fear of not being accepted because of being different is, paradoxically, a very human fear† (Hetherington). Just as the being’s external features are heightened, the being also exhibits heightened internal qualities of man, shown by his altruistic attitude toward humanity. The being tells Victor that his â€Å"soul glowed with love and humanity† (Shelly 91). The being enjoyed helping others. This is evident because he risked his own life and saved a little girl from drowning. All the being wanted in return was companionship and acceptance, neither of which he received, the creation says, â€Å"Let man live with me in the interchange of kindness; and instead of injury, I would bestow every benefit upon him with tears of gratitude at his acceptance† (Shelly 125) it is clear that initially the being was only monstrous in

My Entire Flute Career free essay sample

My flute career ended when I picked up my flute and poised it at my lips, ready for a flute test. I was shaking, making it hard to keep my fingers on the keys.Everyone in the room seemed to know that I was terrible at the flute, and I couldn’t help to think that their encouraging smiles were mocking. I hated the flute with a burning passion, or perhaps I just hated the idea of not being the best. â€Å"Go,† my teacher said with a tap of the baton on my music stand. I played the first few notes smoothly, but my fingers trembled and were unable to press the right key formation in time and I missed several notes. Frustration rose to my cheeks, I looked up at the teacher, calmly put my flute down, and my composure fell. My eyes teared up as they did whenever I got frustrated. We will write a custom essay sample on My Entire Flute Career or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I could imagine my parent’s disappointment and the looks they would send my way. Meanwhile, my teacher had pursed his lips and given me a zero. As I walked home I pondered every excuse I could think of for the overall B in flute class. My teacher was rude. The test was too hard. I had a sore throat. Anything. I burst through the front door and excuses exploded from my mouth, â€Å"I failed my flute test because it was too hard, and he is exceptionally rude and no one else in the class passed either and now I end with a B!† â€Å"I don’t really care about flute, as long as you learned something it’s fine,† my mother stated calmly from her desk. I began to realize the pattern my parents were never the ones applying pressure. As long as I learned something, it was okay.I continued the class for the rest of the year, but, by the end of the year, I had given it up. Effectively ending my flute career. It took me years to realize that this failure was the result of my inability to accept a flaw a perfectionist streak. Combined with pressure on my shoulders that I seemed to have materialized out of thin air, it was a recipe for failure. It took me about the same amount of time to realize I missed music, and while my rented flute was gone, I still had an old keyboard in my basement. It had spindly legs with dust all over the keys and sandwiched between the slats. It would occasionally give a hum or screech until I smacked it with my palm to get it going. I started with teaching myself the scales, then moved on to simple songs. I could read music well enough that I could pick up a sheet of music and slowly sight-read it, tapping out the keys to form a melody. I would practice it until it was fairly fluent. I sat in front of the keyboard as my fingers danced across the keys. I played the ‘complex symphony’, â€Å"Yankee Doodle† my first double handed song. I missed a few notes, but it didn’t bother me. I had time to improve myself. Teaching myself piano has taught me how to teach myself something, and how to prevent frustration. This opened a door. The curiosity that every young child possesses was rebirthed, and I finally understood that I could learn for the sake of learning. I could even teach myself if I had to. I was no longer frustrated with imperfections. Acceptance of these helps me self improve, identifying what I could change to make myself better.

Religion7 Essay Example For Students

Religion7 Essay What religion am I? In my life, I have been told many things about my religion. My mother is a Roman Catholic, while my father is Jewish. I have learned about both religions, and I have tried to practice both as best I could, but I am now faced with the decision; which one am I?Christians believe that Jesus is both God and man, incarnation of God, and man -gives man two natures, physical and divined that they are united in one person. Thus the mystery of God becoming a human being, Jesus, and suffered and died, and Mary (Jesus’ mother) was the mother of God. God resolved himself to mankind in 3 ways, as God the father, God the sun and the Holy Spirit. From this we can see that Christianity is based on the mystery of the doctrine of the trinity, which cannot be proven and requires Christians to have faith that this root of Christianity is in fact true. The promise of life after death (salvation) is very important, without it they find life meaningless. Ritual Christianity is a ritual filled religion, especially Roman Catholicism. There is a ritual for all stages of life from birth to death. In following a structured one needs constant reinforcement of one’s basic faith, what better way than to have a ritual based belief system which starts at birth with the celebration of Baptism, which is the entry to Christianity and the first step in developing ones faith. Then as one gets older; he/she is Confirmed which is a deepening of commitment to faith and allows one to receive Holy Communion, which is the final step to becoming a committed Catholic. From this point on one normally goes to Church weekly and breaks bread and shares wine with the Christian community to which one belongs. So ones life becomes ordered in the structure of the sharing of bread and wine, which is the Body and Blood of Jesus; i.e. God. His or her life is structured from birth to death, through, the sacraments weekly worship, daily prayer and the promise of eternal life. Judaism i s the complex expression of a religious community, a way of life as well as a set of basic beliefs and values, which is separated in patterns of action, social order, and culture as well as in religious statements and concepts. The ideal is to remember God in everything one does, through prayer and keeping the commandments. There are many spiritual practices that the Jewish people follow as a reminder of their faith and as a way to engage all the senses in awareness of God. Some of these scared practices include: circumcision, Sabbath, eating kosher foods, and Bar Mitzvah. Of all of the commandments in Judaism, the brit milah, is probably the one most universally observed. It is commonly referred to as a bris. Even the most seculars of Jews, who observe no other part of Judaism, almost always observe these laws. Boys are ritually circumcised when they are eight days old, to honor the seal of Gods commandment to Abraham. A person who is uncircumcised suffers the penalty of kareit, sp iritual elimination. Sabbath is the most important ritual observance in Judaism. It is primarily a day of rest and spiritual enrichment. The Jewish Sabbath runs from sunset Friday night to sunset Saturday night. Observant Jewish families begin the Sabbath eve with a special Friday night dinner. The woman of the house lights candles to bring in the Sabbath light; the man of the house recites a blessing over the wine. Special braided bread, challah, is shared as a symbol of the double portions of manna in the desert. The rituals help to set a different tone for the day of rest, as do commandments against working, handling money, traveling except by foot, lighting a fire, cooking and the like. The next morning Shabbat services begin around nine a.m., and continue until about noon. After services, the family says kiddush again and has another leisurely, festive meal. The family studies Torah for a while, talks, takes an afternoon walk, plays some checkers, or engages in other leisure ac tivities. It is traditional to have a third meal before Shabbat is over. This is usually a light meal in the late afternoon. Shabbat ends at nightfall, when three stars are visible, approximately forty minutes after sunset. At the conclusion of Shabbat, the family performs a concluding ritual called Havdalah. Blessings are recited over wine, spices and candles. Then a blessing is recited regarding the division between the sacred and the secular, between Shabbat and the working days. .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e , .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .postImageUrl , .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e , .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e:hover , .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e:visited , .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e:active { border:0!important; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e:active , .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud7ae53870ab409042c6ce87a9203c08e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Counterfeiting Money Essay These two religions have been practiced in my house since I was born. How do I choose which to be a part of? My mother has not been present in my life since I was two years old, so the family I know wants me to be Jewish. I feel separated, between this choice. What if I don’t want to be a part of either religion? I want to explore what else is out there, and make a decision on my own. I think because I practiced both religions, this had made me a very open-minded person. I see things from every angle, instead of just one. I accept everyone for who they are, and not for what they are, or what they practice. Since most of my family has shown me patience with this vital choice; I have also learned how to be patient with important decisions that have to be made. How do I make such a life altering decision? As my parents have showed me patience, I will wait. Even though I have to make a decision one day, the knowledge I have gained from this will be with me until the day I die. Bib liography: